Dennis feisbie



D. FRISBIB. Elevator.

' No. 224,416." Pafented Feb; 10, 1880..

Elm *1 UNITED STATES:

PATENT 'OFFICE.

DENNIS FRIsBIE, oF NEW,HAvEm-coNNEeTIcUn AssIeNoR ro HIMSELF,

" l e y VsTAaR H, BARNUM,-AND crimenes/F. Boor, ou SAME PLACE.

l"ELflavATo RL. 7

SPECIFICATION-forming pm 'of Lettrsfratent 4No;224,416,dated February 1o, 1880. Y

W f "Appncanpn lealyis, 1879.V y

To all 'whom t m04/ concern: 'Y Y Be it known that I, DnNNrs` Farseinfot New Haven, inthe county of N ew Haven andA State of Connecticut, have invented 4mertain new and useful Improvements relating to Elevators, of which the followingis a specifi-Y cation.

The convenience and `practical importance of elevators in buildings makethem universally desirable in all manufactories and in' building devoted to offices; but although accidents from many sources have been guarded against with more or less effect, there are still chances .Y of serious disaster. Onexis the dangerthat, through breakage or derangement'lof the con.-

meting-gear, the rope may continue to be pulled to raise the elevatorhigherefter Iithas reached its highest point, with the .obvious `liability of the rope to'. break and the elevator to fall the wholeheight. vI have :introduced an important provisionk intended to guard against this. I havealso provided la brakev or clutch mechanism,` which is automatically thrown into action whenever 4the elevator lruns in excess of i the ordinary speed, Ilhavealso provided a brake which comes intoelfeet at each change of the motion from` raising to lowering, or thereverse.

The fouowingis a descriputnt'flwht i' considerfthe best means of carrying outthe invention. .A

The accompanying drawingsform apart of this specification. c l y. Figure l is a general perspectiveview, and Fig. 2is a plan, showing the same parts slightly modilied. Fig. Sisa sideelevation, showing certain parts, on about thesame' scale,de tach eds. Fig. 4 is a diagram,showing the `action of certain parts, and Fig. "'is' a cross-section through certainparts on a'largerscale.1 I

Similar letters-of reference indicate like parts inallthe gures.. -L l 1. A is the first shaft, connected by gearing (not fully represented) with a second slower shaft, B. This latter gears .by a small. stout gear-wheel, B', witha largegear-wheelfC', on the main shaft' or hiisting-shaft (J.` The latter carries a drum,on whichlis wound; the

rope D, which runs over a pulley (not shown) c and operates the elevator, as will be understood. There are two pulleys, Al A2, on the shaft A, driven, respectively, by open and .cross belts cda?, s o that they run-finopposite `directions. `Each can, at will, be connected by a friction-clutchwith the shaft A, so as to impart its' proper motion to it.

I preferthe form of friction-clutchset forth in the 148,165;` but this .may be varied. lt is sufficient to employ a strong and reliable frictionclutch, which is easily and certalnly operated, `I operate the clutch by alternate endwise movements of a har, E, one end of which is formed with a rack, and is engaged by the teeth of a spur-wheel, G', keyed Aon a transverseshaft, G. Theouter endof this shaft vcarries a wheel, .G2-and to` this applies an ordinary operating `rope or chain, H, `which extends up to the top of the building, and 'is conveniently placed to be operated-by? the attendant in the elevator at any time.

This apparatus, so far-as yet described, operates in all respects in the ordinary manner, andgives all the advantagesof the ordinary apparatus. rOnoperating the rope Hin one "direction the bar E, arm E3, double cone S, and clutch-arms TLT/are moved to engage the pulley A and ca usethe elevator torise. On operatingf` the rope Hin the `opposite direction the bar 1E is shifted, the pulley A/ is liberated, and the pulleyA2 engaged. Thus conditioned .the elevator` descends; but there is ajliability to possible accident 3 in the transition stage from one motion` to the other. A3 is a brakepulley keyed on the shaft A, and encircledby a brake-strap, I, which is connected to a stout brake-lever, J, carrying a weight, J', sufficient tomap'ply the brake with force Whenever its weight is allowed to act.` The same leverJ Carries a bracke'QJZ, with an anti-friction roller, J3, Acam, G2,`on `the shaft beneath patent to Bean, Mafroh"3 1874, No.

actson thisantiffrictionfroller. lIt requires a complete revolution of said shaftto change the motion ofthe elevator from raising to loweringand the reverse.` vNearthe termination of the,t11rnii1g motion of the shaft-in either direction the cam Gg? lifts ,the lever J 5 butin the intermediate position, while the shaft is in the act of turning, the cam Gzis turned downward and ceases to support the lever J. Thus couditioned the gravity of the lever J and its attach ments applies the brake-strap l forcibly to the brake-pulley A3 within it, and thus conditioned the elevator is firmly held against any motion upward or downward.

When all is properly working this brake is thus applied only for a moment. The continued motion of the cord H to reverse the motion turns the shaft G farther, and by means ofthe cam again elevates the leverJ and sets the shaft A free to be operated by the desired belt running on its proper pulley; but in case of derangement this brake is ready to perform important service. Itis applied at each change of motion, but is always entirely out of use whenever either friction -clutch is fairly engaged.

One end of the shaft A extends out beyond the main framing, and carries on its overhun g end still another of the same kind of clutch or other efficient friction clutch, M2. This clutch, instead of connecting to a pulley which is entirely loose, connects to a pulley, K, which is free to make a partial revolution in either direction. A stop, k, is provided, which prevents it from ever making a complete revolution.

L is the cone, which may be moved endwise on the shaft A by the lever L', which turns on a fixed center, l. This is worked by a cord or chain, L2, which runs over a pulley, L3, and is secured on the periphery of the partially-revolvin g wheel K.

The levers M of the clutch M2 are weighted, as indicated. In other respects the clutch is the ordinary Bean clutch. Whenever, through any possible derangement or fracture, the shaft A is turned too fast, allowing the elevator to descend with dangerous haste, the centrifugal force causes the weighted levers M M to spreadV and apply the clutch, so as to engage the shaft A with the partially-rotating wheel K, and so soon as the latter has made the port-ion of a revolution which is allowed to it its stop 7c engages with the fixed framework and arrests the motion. This alone would serve to momentarily arrest the machinery; but so soon as the motion is thus arrested, if the levers M were allowed to draw together again the descent would be resumed, and thus the elevator would descend with a series of stops and starts, which would be annoying, if not dangerous. I provide springs m, which urge the levers M together with sufcient power to resist the centrifugal force at all ordinary velocities. My cord L2, lever L', and cone L complete the arrangement.

Whenever, through an accident to the en gine or other cause, the shaft A is set free and the elevator, commencing to descend, generates an unusually high velocity, throwing out the loaded levers M and engaging the wheel K, the partial turning ofthe wheel Kacts, through the cord and lever, to drive the cone L into position between the levers M and hold them distended. The elevator isili such case firmly locked in place, and must remain there until the proper machinery is reconnected.

lt remains to describe the provision for arresting the motion at the highest and lowest positions of the elevator independently of or additional to the ordinary provisions for o'perating the cord H. I propose to use all the ordinary precautions in addition.

A shaft, P, lies transverse to the main shaft on the left side of the apparatus. It is mounted in fixed bearings and extends loosely through a slot in the bar E. It carries an arm, P', which at each termination of its motion strikes an incline, E or E2, on the bar E, and moves it in the proper direction to arrest the motion.

This constitutes a very reliable stop-motion to prevent ovcrwinding. lt is operated as follows: On the shaft() is a bevel-gear wheel, C2, which engages in a bevel-gear wheel, P2,

on the transverse shaft P. A screwtl1read,p,

on this shaft engages loosely in the arm P. The same screw-thread holds two nuts or collars, Q' Q2, which are strongly set in the desired positions on the shaft P, according to the height of the building and the depth to which the elevator is to be allowed to descend, by taking care to 'properly engage the gearing.

One collar, Q', may be forged on the shaft, and the other, Q2, only need be adjustable, to allow for diiferent heights of buildings.

` The parts are so proportioned and adjusted that the full motion of the elevator upward or downward first traverses the screw'thread idly through the arm P until it is forced over hard against one of the collars, Q or Q2, and then commencing to turn said arm gives a little more than a half-turn thereto.

The bar E is by thisv device only half thrown. Consequently the action of arm P does not reverse the motion of the mechanism, but only stops it. quently the connected shaft G, into that position which allows the brake J to come into effect and hold the parts motionless.

Various modifications in the details may be made. The arm'P may be fixed fast on the shaft P and worked by a worm on the shaft C; but this involves more expense in adapting the machinery to different heights of buildings.

I have represented the mechanism as mounted in a stout cast-iron frame, with the driving-belts a a2 running through slots in such framing. I prefer this mode of construction, and can bolt such framing to any suitable parts, as the floor of a basement or cellar, or suitable blocks or brackets connected thereto.

I prefer gravity as a means for operating the brake J. It is more completely reliable than a spring or any other force. The continuous working of the brake J and its connections keeps those parts reliably in condition; so, also, of the arm P' and its connections. These are worked at every extreme position of the It throws the bar E, and conse-v IOO IOS

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y elevator.' The safety-clutches L M @maar connections are, on the contrary, rarely brought into use.

It is Well to establish the practice of disconnecting the governor at short intervals- -v say at the commencement of each weeks work-and running the elevator down inteny tionally too fast, so as tobring the safety brake into action. This prevents rusting or other derangement from neglect, and is a means' of testing the delicacy of the adjustment. 1

I claim as my invention- 1. In elevator mechanism, the brake I and the brake-lever J, in combination kwith the cam G2, adapted to serve at each change of motion and hold the elevator motionless until the proper clutch is en gaged,as herein specified.

2. In elevator mechanism, the safety-clutch M2, having Weighted parts M, in combination with the cord or chain L2, connected to arrest the motion Whenever it exceeds the proper amount, as herein specified.

3. In elevator mechanism, incombination with the safety-clutch M2, having the Weighted parts M, the partial-rotating Wheel K,lever L', cord L2, and suitable connections to the locking device L, so that Whenever the proper descending-motion'of the elevator is exceeded the clutch will not only be thrown into action', and arrest the motion, but the locking device L Will come into play and retain Yit in such condition,.substantially as herein specified.`

4. In elevator mechanism, the partial-revolving armP, connected to the main shaft C, as described, so as to perform only a partial revolution during the entire raising or loWering of theelevator, in combination with the surfaces E." E2 on `the controlling-bar E, for the purpose of throwing the mechanism into kthe stopped position ateach end of themotion, substantially as herein specified.

In testimony ,whereof I have hereunto set my vhand this 3d day of July, 1879, in the pres; 

